The family tree of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) holds
immense significance in Islamic history, tracing his noble lineage from
the Quraysh tribe to the Banu Hashim clan and
connecting him to great prophets like Ibrahim (AS) and Ismail (AS). As the
final messenger of Allah, his ancestry was meticulously preserved, highlighting
his sacred heritage and fulfilling ancient prophecies.
This guide explores every branch of the Prophet’s
family tree, from his parents Abdullah and Aminah to his wives, the Mothers
of the Believers, and his children, including Fatimah, whose descendants
continue his legacy today. We’ll also answer key questions like "Who
raised the Prophet after his parents died?" and "Where
is his family buried?" Understanding the family tree of
Prophet Muhammad (SAW) deepens our appreciation of his life and the
foundations of Islam.
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The Prophet’s (SAW) lineage is meticulously recorded in
Islamic history:
Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim ibn
Abd Manaf ibn Qusay ibn Kilab ibn Murrah ibn Ka’b ibn Lu’ay ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr
(Quraysh) ibn Malik ibn Nadr ibn Kinanah ibn Khuzaymah ibn Mudrikah ibn Ilyas
ibn Mudar ibn Nizar ibn Ma’ad ibn Adnan.
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This chain links him directly to Prophet Ibrahim
(AS) through his son Ismail (AS), fulfilling ancient prophecies about
a coming messenger from Arabia. The Banu Hashim clan, a branch of
the Quraysh tribe, was known for leadership and nobility long
before Islam.
The Parents of the Prophet: Abdullah and Aminah’s Sacred
Legacy
Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib: The Prophet’s Father
- Died
before Muhammad’s (SAW) birth.
- Part
of the respected Banu Hashim clan.
- Known
for his noble character in Makkah.
Aminah bint Wahb: The Prophet’s Mother
- Passed
away when Muhammad (SAW) was six.
- From
the Banu Zuhrah tribe.
- Buried
in Al-Abwa’, between Makkah and Madinah.
After being orphaned, Muhammad (SAW) was raised by his
grandfather Abd al-Muttalib, then by his uncle Abu Talib,
who protected him during early prophethood.
The Wives of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH): Mothers of the
Believers
The Mothers of the Believers (Ummahat-ul-Mu’mineen) played
crucial roles in Islamic history. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) had 13 wives,
most of whom were widows or divorcees.
Key Wives & Their Significance
- Khadija
bint Khuwaylid – His first and only wife for 25 years, a wealthy
merchant who supported him.
- Aishah
bint Abu Bakr – A scholar who narrated many Hadiths.
- Fatimah
bint Muhammad – His youngest daughter, mother of Husayn
and Hassan.
- Sawdah
bint Zam’ah – Married for protection after widowhood.
- Hafsah
bint Umar – Preserved early Quranic manuscripts.
(Others: Zaynab bint Jahsh, Maria al-Qibtiyya, Umm
Salama, Juwayriyah, Safiyyah, Maymunah, etc.)
Why did Prophet Muhammad marry multiple wives?
- To
strengthen tribal alliances.
- To
support widows in a male-dominated society.
- To
establish Islamic family laws.
The Children of Prophet Muhammad: His Sons and Daughters
Sons (All Died in Childhood)
- Qasim –
Died at age two.
- Abdullah –
Also called "Tayyib" or "Tahir."
- Ibrahim –
Born to Maria al-Qibtiyya, died at 18 months.
Daughters (All from Khadija)
- Hadhrat
Zainab – Married Abu al-As ibn Rabi.
- Ruqayyah –
Married Uthman ibn Affan.
- Umm
Kulthum – Also married Uthman after Ruqayyah’s death.
- Fatimah –
Married Ali ibn Abi Talib, mother of Husayn and Hassan.
Only Fatimah’s descendants survived,
continuing the Prophetic lineage.
Prophet Muhammad’s Family Tree: Connecting to Prophet
Ibrahim (AS)
Muhammad (SAW) descends from Ibrahim (AS) through
Ismail (AS), fulfilling biblical prophecies about a messenger from Arabia.
Key ancestors include:
- Adnan –
Forefather of Northern Arabs.
- Qusay
ibn Kilab – United the Quraysh tribe in Makkah.
- Hashim
ibn Abd Manaf – Established trade routes, ancestor of the Banu
Hashim clan.
This connection confirms his prophethood in both Islamic and
Judeo-Christian traditions.
The Hashimite Clan: Prophet Muhammad’s Noble Tribal
Lineage
The Banu Hashim were leaders in pre-Islamic
Arabia, known for:
- Feeding
pilgrims (Sadaqah).
- Protecting
the weak.
- Maintaining
Kaaba’s sanctity.
After Islam, they produced caliphs like Ali ibn Abi Talib
and leaders in Islamic history.
Where Is Prophet Muhammad’s Family Buried?
Most of his family rests in Jannatul Baqi (Baqi
graveyard), near Masjid An Nabawi in Madinah. This
includes:
- His
wives (except Khadija, buried in Makkah).
- His
daughters (Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum, Zainab).
- His
son Ibrahim.
It remains a sacred site for Muslim pilgrims.
Descendants of Prophet Muhammad Today
Many Islamic leaders and scholars trace their lineage to the
Prophet (SAW) through:
- Sayyids
& Sharifs (descendants of Fatimah and Ali).
- Royal
families (Jordan’s Hashemites, Morocco’s Alaouites).
- Prominent
Islamic scholars.
Their role remains significant in preserving Islamic
heritage.
Conclusion
The family tree of Prophet Muhammad (SAW) holds profound importance
in Islam, serving as both a historical record and a spiritual testament. By
tracing his lineage back to Prophets Ibrahim (AS) and Ismail (AS), it confirms
his prophethood and fulfills divine promises in both the Quran and earlier
scriptures. His noble heritage through the Banu Hashim clan of the Quraysh
tribe establishes his esteemed place in Arabian society while validating his
mission.
Moreover, the preservation of his family line particularly through Ahl al-Bayt
(his household) highlights their pivotal role in guiding early Muslims and
transmitting sacred knowledge. For believers, studying the Prophet’s
family tree is more than genealogy; it strengthens faith, fosters
connection to Islamic history, and reaffirms the divine wisdom behind his
blessed lineage.
- FAQS
Who is the Prophet Muhammad's family tree?
Prophet Muhammad (SAW) descended from the noble Banu Hashim clan of the Quraysh tribe, tracing back to Prophet Ibrahim (AS) through his son Ismail (AS). - Does
the family of Prophet Muhammad still exist?
Yes, his lineage continues today through his daughter Fatimah and grandsons Hasan and Husayn, with descendants known as Sayyids and Sharifs. - Is
Queen Elizabeth II related to Prophet Muhammad?
Some genealogists claim a distant relation through medieval Muslim Spain, but this is debated and not officially verified. - What
is the family background of Muhammad?
He came from the respected Banu Hashim, a sub-clan of Quraysh in Mecca, known for leadership and custodianship of the Kaaba.
Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was an Arab from the Adnani lineage, belonging to the Quraysh tribe in 7th-century Arabia.
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